Electromechanical energy conversion is a reversible process and Eqs (26)-(29) govern the production of mechanical force. In Fig. 4 , if the armature is allowed to move on positive x direction under the influence of Ff , electrical energy is converted to mechanical form via the coupling field. If instead the armature is moved in the negative x direction under the influence of external force, mechanical energy is converted to electrical form via the coupling field. This conversion process is not restricted to translatory devices as illustrated but is equally applicable to rotatory devices. Electrical and mechanical losses cause irreversible flow of energy out of a practical conversion device. The flow of energy in electromechanical conversion in either direction along with irrecoverable energy losses is shown in (Fig-5)
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