The liberation of electrons from the matter under the influence of the light is
called photoelectric effect. Let us study the theory on which this effect is based on.
The photoelectric theory is based on the Light-Quantum Hypothesis of Planck.
According to Planck’s quantum theory, the light consists of discrete quanta or the
packets of energy called photons. These are uncharged particles, each having an
energy which depends on the frequency or wavelength of light.
Mathematically this is expressed as,
E= hf
where E = Energy in each photon in eV
h = Planck’s constant = 6.624 x 10-34 joules-seconds
= 4.137x10-13 eVs
f= Frequency of incident light in Hz
Thus as the frequency increases, the energy associated with photon increases. But
greater the intensity of light, the larger the number of photons but the energy of
each photon remains unchanged.
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