There are many special semiconductor devices in use which are based on the
inter-relationship of light and electricity. This relationship is called optoelectronics
and the electronic devices working on this relationship are called optoelectronic
devices. These devices are classified as
1. Light Sensors: These devices convert light energy into, electrical energy or affect
some electrical parameter. These devices are further classified as
a) Photoemissive
b) Photoconductive and
c) Photovoltaic.
2. Light Emitters: These devices work on the principle of electroluminescence. It is
the process of giving of light by applying an electrical source of energy. In simple
words, these devices emit light when properly biased.
3. Opto-isolator/Coupler: These devices provide a complete electrical isolation
between an input circuit and an output circuit. These devices are formed by the
combination of light emitter and light sensor linked only by the beam of light.
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