Ramp Type Digital Voltmeter



•    The operating principle of a ramp type digital voltmeter is to measure the time that a linear ramp voltage takes to change from level of input voltage to zero voltage (or vice versa).

•    This time interval is measured with an electronic time interval counter and the count is displayed as a number of digits on electronic indicating tubes of the output readout of the voltmeter.

•    The conversion of a voltage value of a time interval is shown in the timing diagram of Fig.






•    At the start of measurement a ramp voltage is initiated.

•    A negative going ramp is shown in Fig. but a positive going ramp may also be used.

•    The ramp voltage value is continuously compared with the voltage being measured (unknown voltage).

•    At the instant the value of ramp voltage is equal to that of unknown voltage.

•     The ramp voltage continues to decrease till it reaches ground level (zero voltage).

•    At this instant another comparator called ground comparator generates. a pulse and closes the gate.

•    The time elapsed between opening and closing of the gate is t as indicated in Fig.

•    During this time interval pulses from a clock pulse generator pass through the gate and are counted and displayed.

•    The decimal number as indicated by the readout is a measure of the value of input voltage.

•    The sample rate multivibrator determines the rate at which the measurement cycles are initiated.

•    The sample rate circuit provides an initiating pulse for the ramp generator to start its next ramp voltage.

•    At the same time it sends a pulse to the counters which set all of them to 0.

•    This momentarily removes the digital display of the readout.

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