ORIFICE METER




The  Venturi  meter  described  earlier  is  a  reliable  flow-measuring  device. Furthermore, it causes little pressure loss.

For these reasons it is  widely used, particularly for large-volume liquid  and gas flows. However this meter is relatively complex to construct and hence expensive.  Especially  for  small  pipelines,  its  cost  seems  prohibitive,  so simpler devices such as orifice meters are used.

The orifice meter consists of a flat orifice plate with a circular hole drilled in it. There  is  a  pressure  tap  upstream  from  the  orifice  plate  and  another  just downstream.

The principle of the orifice meter is identical with that of the venturi meter.





The reduction of the cross section of the flowing stream in passing through the orifice increases the velocity head at the expense of the pressure head, and manometer measures the reduction in pressure between the taps.

Bernoulli's equation  provides a  basis for correlating the increase  in velocity head with the decrease in pressure head.

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