1) Write down the importance of Measurement and Instrumentation.
i)Gathering data to improve the next execution of the program.
ii) Guiding scheduling decisions.
iii) Adapting to computations while in execution
2) What is the Need of Instrument?
The purpose of a measurement system is to link the observer to a process which
generates information.
3) Draw the Basic structure of Measurement System?
4) How the Signal conditioning element differed from the Signal processing Element?
Some non-linear processes like modulation, detection, sampling,
filtering, chopping etc.,are performed on the signal to bring it to the
desired form to be accepted by the next stage of measurement system
This process of conversion is called signal conditioning element’
The term signal conditioning includes many other functions in addition to Variable conversion & Variable manipulation In fact the element that follows the primary sensing element in any instrument or measurement system is called signal processing element
5) What is Sensing Element? Ex
It is used to sense the original value then the value convertt into suitable level to
the further process.
Eg:
(i)Thermocouple – voltage depends on temperature.
(ii)Strain gauge – resistance depends on mechanical strain.
(iii)Orifice plate – pressure drop depends on flow rate.
(iv)Ultrasonic transducer – electrical output depends on mechanical
(v)forces (vibrations) acting on the surface of the transducer.
6) List out the Functional Elements of Measurement System.
Most of the measurement systems contain three main functional
elements are i) Primary sensing element ii) Variable conversion element &
iii) Data presentation element.
7) Write down the Types of Characteristics
The performance characteristics of an instrument are mainly divided into two categories: i) Static characteristics ii) Dynamic characteristics
8) What is Static Characteristics?
The set of criteria defined for the instruments, which are used to measure the quantities which are slowly varying with time or mostly constant, i.e., do not vary with time, is called ‘static characteristics’.
9) Define Dynamic Characteristics.
The set of criteria defined for the instruments, which are changes rapidly with time, is called ‘dynamic characteristics’
10) Compare Repeatability & Reproducibility.
Reproducibility:
It is the degree of closeness with which a given value may be repeatedly measured. It is specified in terms of scale readings over a given period of time.
Repeatability:
It is defined as the variation of scale reading & random in nature Drift:
Drift may be classified into three categories: zero drift, span drift or sensitivity
drift, Zonal drift:
i)Gathering data to improve the next execution of the program.
ii) Guiding scheduling decisions.
iii) Adapting to computations while in execution
2) What is the Need of Instrument?
The purpose of a measurement system is to link the observer to a process which
generates information.
3) Draw the Basic structure of Measurement System?
4) How the Signal conditioning element differed from the Signal processing Element?
Some non-linear processes like modulation, detection, sampling,
filtering, chopping etc.,are performed on the signal to bring it to the
desired form to be accepted by the next stage of measurement system
This process of conversion is called signal conditioning element’
The term signal conditioning includes many other functions in addition to Variable conversion & Variable manipulation In fact the element that follows the primary sensing element in any instrument or measurement system is called signal processing element
5) What is Sensing Element? Ex
It is used to sense the original value then the value convertt into suitable level to
the further process.
Eg:
(i)Thermocouple – voltage depends on temperature.
(ii)Strain gauge – resistance depends on mechanical strain.
(iii)Orifice plate – pressure drop depends on flow rate.
(iv)Ultrasonic transducer – electrical output depends on mechanical
(v)forces (vibrations) acting on the surface of the transducer.
6) List out the Functional Elements of Measurement System.
Most of the measurement systems contain three main functional
elements are i) Primary sensing element ii) Variable conversion element &
iii) Data presentation element.
7) Write down the Types of Characteristics
The performance characteristics of an instrument are mainly divided into two categories: i) Static characteristics ii) Dynamic characteristics
8) What is Static Characteristics?
The set of criteria defined for the instruments, which are used to measure the quantities which are slowly varying with time or mostly constant, i.e., do not vary with time, is called ‘static characteristics’.
9) Define Dynamic Characteristics.
The set of criteria defined for the instruments, which are changes rapidly with time, is called ‘dynamic characteristics’
10) Compare Repeatability & Reproducibility.
Reproducibility:
It is the degree of closeness with which a given value may be repeatedly measured. It is specified in terms of scale readings over a given period of time.
Repeatability:
It is defined as the variation of scale reading & random in nature Drift:
Drift may be classified into three categories: zero drift, span drift or sensitivity
drift, Zonal drift:
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