IDENTIFICATION OF PC AND MACHINE



ROM BIOS date

Program : Mesin dan Identifikasi versi ROM BIOS
Dikutip : 11:02:56 5/27/1995 - DSA
Referensi :
Buku 'Penuntun Terbaru untuk Penggunaan IBM PC dan PS/2' - Peter Norton & Richard Wilton, Erlangga, 1989, Indonesia
Buku 'Servicing Personal Computers' - Michael H. Tooley, Heinemann Newnes Book, 1988, London
Revisi : 23:42:24 6/5/1995



Jenis Mesin Release Model SubModel BIOS Catatan Revisi
PC 04/24/81 FF H ** 00 Original PC
10/19/81 FF H ** 01 Perbaikan beberapa kesalahan BIOS (Revised PC)
XT 08/16/82 FF H ** 00 Original XT
10/27/82 FF H ** 02 Peningkatan PC BIOS ke tingkat XT
PC/XT 11/08/82 FE H ** 00 Original PC Portable
01/10/86 FB H 00 01 Papan sistem 256/640 KByte
05/09/86 FB H 00 02
PC/AT 01/10/84 FC H ** 00 6 MHz 80286 (Original AT)
06/10/85 FC H 00 01
11/15/85 FC H 01 00 8 MHz 80286
PS/2 Model 25 06/26/87 FA H 01 00
PS/2 Model 30 09/02/86 FA H 00 00
12/12/86 FA H 00 01
PS/2 Model 50 02/13/87 FC H 04 00 Termasuk AT
PS/2 Model 60 02/13/87 FC H 05 00 Termasuk AT
PS/2 Model 80 03/30/87 F8 H 01 00 16 MHz 80386 (Termasuk AT)
PS/2 Model 80 10/07/87 F8 H 01 00 20 MHz 80386
PCJr 06/01/83 FD H ** 00 Original PCJr
PC Convertible
09/13/85
 F9 H 00 00
PC/XT Model286 04/21/86 FC H 02 00
Catatan : ROM Release ofset = FFFF5 - FFFFC Hex, ID Mesin ofset = FFFFE Hex
Contoh pemakaian fungsi untuk deteksi jenis PC (dalam Pascal) :
FUNCTION Jenis_PC := STRING;
BEGIN
     IF MEM[$F000:$FFFE] IN [$FF, $FE, $FB] THEN Jenis_PC := 'PC/XT'
     ELSE IF MEM[$0000:$FFFE] = $FD THEN Jenis_PC := 'PCJr'
     ELSE IF MEM[$0000:$FFFE] = $F9 THEN Jenis_PC := 'PC-Convertible'
     ELSE IF MEM[$0000:$FFFE] IN [$FA, $FC, $F8] THEN Jenis_PC := 'PC/AT'
     ELSE Jenis_PC := 'Unknown Type';
END;
Some useful address on the CMOS-AT



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Dokumentasi : Mengenai lokasi RAM CMOS AT
Oleh : David Setya Atmaja (DSA) - 2:02:54 5/25/1995
Referensi : 
  • Buku 'Upgrading, Maintaining & Servicing IBM PCs & Compatibles' - Julian Moss, 1993, Penerbit : Microfrend Books Series, Terjemahan oleh : PT. Dinastindo, 1993, Indonesia.
  • "AMI" ROM BIOS - 1993, PC/AT 80486 - DX2/66
  • Buku 'The 80x86 IBM PC & Compatible Computers - Vol. II, Design and Interfacing of the IBM PC, PS and Compatibles', Karangan : Muhammad Ali Mazidi & Janice Gillispie Mazidi, 1995, Penerbit : Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey
Revisi : 7:45:12 5/25/1996
Port RAM CMOS :
  • Port 112 (70 H) = Base index port
  • Port 113 (71 H) = I/O port
Untuk mengakses data CMOS, misalnya : 
    MOV     AL,0                   ;Base 0
OUT     112,AL                 ;Out port index
IN      AL,113                 ;In port I/O . . 
MOV     AL,0                   ;Base 0
OUT     112,AL                 ;Out port index
MOV     AL,Suatu_Angka         ;Nilai yang baru
OUT     113,AL                 ;Out nilai ke I/O port

 
Perhatian :
    Jika anda tidak mengetahui apa yang anda lakukan, jangan sekali-sekali mengubah data di CMOS. Komputer anda tidak akan bisa diakses karena CMOS BIOS melakukan penjumlahan CRC check terhadap semua datanya. Perubahan terhadap satu data atau lebih menyebabkan perhitungan CRC checksum tidak sama.
    HP Officejet 6500A Plus e-All-in-One (CN557A#B1H)Zebra P120i - Plastic card printer - color - dye sublimation/thermal resin - CR-80 Card (3.37 in x 2.13 in) up to 120 cards/hour (color) - capacity: 100 cards - USB 
Memory RAM CMOS terdiri atas 64 lokasi (64 Byte) sebagai berikut :


  • Lokasi 0 (0 H) = Second - Real Time Clock (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 1 (1 H) = Second - Alarm (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 2 (2 H) = Menit - Real Time Clock (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 3 (3 H) = Menit - Alarm (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 4 (4 H) = Jam - Real Time Clock (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 5 (5 H) = Jam - Alarm (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 6 (6 H) = Pergantian Hari (Diset 1 jika lewat tengah malam)
  • Lokasi 7 (7 H) = Tanggal (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 8 (8 H) = Bulan (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 9 (9 H) = Tahun (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 10 (0AH) = Status Register A
  • Lokasi 11 (0BH) = Status Register B
  • Lokasi 12 (0CH) = Status Register C
  • Lokasi 13 (0DH) = Status Register D
  • Lokasi 14 (0EH) = Status Diagnostic
  • Lokasi 15 (0FH) = Status Shutdown
  • Lokasi 16 (10 H) = Disket Drive, 10 H = 5¼" - 360 KB - DS/DD, 20 H = 5¼" - 1.22 MB - DS/HD, 3 H = 3½" - 720 KB - DS/DD, 4 H = 3½" - 1.44 MB - DS/HD, 5 H = 3½" - 2.88 MB - DS/QD
  • Lokasi 17 (11 H) = Reserve
  • Lokasi 18 (12H) = Type Hard Disk (untuk type 1-14)
  • Lokasi 19 (13H) = Reserve
  • Lokasi 20 (14H) = Data Peralatan
  • Lokasi 21 (15 H) = Base Memory (Lo) - Diset pada saat Setup
  • Lokasi 22 (16 H) = Base Memory (Hi) - Diset pada saat Setup
  • Lokasi 23 (17 H) = Extended Memory (Lo) - Diset pada saat Setup
  • Lokasi 24 (18 H) = Extended Memory (Hi) - Diset pada saat Setup
  • Lokasi 25 (19 H) = Type Hard Disk 0 (C:)
  • Lokasi 26 (1A H) = Type Hard Disk 1 (D:)
  • Lokasi 27 (1B H) = Ukuran Cylinder Hard Disk 0 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 28 (1C H) = Ukuran Cylinder Hard Disk 0 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 29 (1D H) = Ukuran Head Hard Disk 0
  • Lokasi 30 (1E H) = Ukuran WPCon Hard Disk 0 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 31 (1F H) = Ukuran WPCon Hard Disk 0 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 32 (20 H) = 8 - (?)
  • Lokasi 33 (21 H) = Ukuran LZon Hard Disk 0 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 34 (22 H) = Ukuran LZon Hard Disk 0 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 35 (23 H) = Ukuran Sector Hard Disk 0
  • Lokasi 36 (24 H) = Ukuran Cylinder Hard Disk 1 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 37 (25 H) = Ukuran Cylinder Hard Disk 1 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 38 (26 H) = Ukuran Head Hard Disk 1
  • Lokasi 39 (27 H) = Ukuran WPCon Hard Disk 1 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 40 (28 H) = Ukuran WPCon Hard Disk 1 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 41 (29 H) = 8 - (?)
  • Lokasi 42 (2A H) = Ukuran LZon Hard Disk 1 (Lo)
  • Lokasi 43 (2B H) = Ukuran LZon Hard Disk 1 (Hi)
  • Lokasi 44 (2C H) = Ukuran Sector Hard Disk 0, Ukuran Hard Disk = Cylinder * Head * Sector * 512 / 1 MB = ? MB
  • Lokasi 45 (2D H) = Ukuran Sector Hard Disk 1, Ukuran Hard Disk = Cylinder * Head * Sector * 512 / 1 MB = ? MB
  • Lokasi 46 (2E H) = CMOS CRC Checksum (Lo)
  • Lokasi 47 (2F H) = CMOS CRC Checksum (Hi)
  • Lokasi 48 (30 H) = Extended Memory (Lo) - Diset pada saat POST
  • Lokasi 49 (31 H) = Extended Memory (Hi) - Diset pada saat POST
  • Lokasi 50 (32 H) = Tahun - (?) (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 51 (33 H) = Tahun - (?) (Pack BCD)
  • Lokasi 52 (34 H) = Total RAM (Lo)
  • Lokasi 53 (35 H) = Total RAM (Hi)
  • Lokasi 54 (36 H) = (?)
  • Lokasi 55 (37 H) = (?)
  • Lokasi 56 - 61 (38 H - 3D H) = (6 Byte) Password di encrypt
  • Lokasi 62 (3E H) = (?)
  • Lokasi 63 (3F H) = Flag Info diset pada saat Power On
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